A chronological list of Muslim rulers in Al-Andalus.
The Umayyad state
Emirs
- Abd al-Rahman I (755-788)
- Hisham I (788-796)
- Al-Hakam I (796-822)
- Abd al-Rahman II (822-852)
- Muhammad I (852-886)
- Al-Mundir (886-888)
- Abd Allah (888-912)
- Abd al-Rahman III (912-929)
Caliphs
- Abd al-Rahman III (929-961)
- Al-Hakam II al-Mustansir (961-976)
- Hisham II al-Muayyad (976-1009, 1010-1013)
- Muhammad II al-Mahdi (1008-1010). A great-grand-son of Abd al-Rahman III.
- Sulayman ibn al-Hakan ibn Sulayman al-Mustain (1009-1010, 1013-1016)
- Alí ibn Hammud (1016-1018)
- Abd al-Rahman IV (1018)
- Al-Qasim ibn Hammud (1018-1021, 1023)
- Yahya ibn Alí ibn Hammud (1021-1023, 1025-1027)
- Abd al-Rahman V (1023-1024)
- Muhammad III (1024-1025)
- Hisham III (1027-1031)
Viziers of note:
- Muhammad Al-Mansur ibn Abi Amir (976-1002)
- Adb al-Malik Al-Muzaffar (1002-1008)
Taifa Kingdoms
See separate page on the Taifa Kingdoms
Moroccan fundamentalists
Almoravids (al-Murabitun) 1086 – 1147
The most likely origin of the name al-Murabitun is “band of fighters” based on a line in the Quran. An alternative meaning is “dwellers in a ribat (fortress monastery)”. They were also called al-Mulathimun (“the veiled ones”) due to their habit of wearing veils that only left their eyes visible.
Rulers
- Yusuf ibn Tashufín (1061-1106)
- Alí ibn Yusuf (1106-1143)
- Tashufín (1143-1145)
Almohads (al-Muwahhidun) 1150 – 1250
Al-Muwahhidun means “those who affirm the unity of God”.
Rulers
- Abd al-Muminin in al-Andalus (1146-1163)
- Yusuf I (1163-1184)
- Yaqub al-Mansur (1184-1199)
- Muhammad al-Nasir (1199-1213)
- Yusuf II al-Mustansir (1213-1224)
- Abd al-Wahid al-Mailu (1224)
- Abd Allah al-Adil (1224-1227)
- Yahya al-Mutasim bi-Allah (1227-1229)
- Idrís al-Mamun (1227-1232)