Protagonists in the Thirty Years War

The 80 Years War (1568-1648) overlapped the 30 Years War (1618-1648) and some protagonists, notably the Spanish and Dutch, fought in both.

The flag images are from Wikipedia: Thirty Years War.

Hapsburg Alliance

Anti-Hapsburg Alliance

Holy Roman Empire

Catholic League *
Austria
Bavaria

Spain

Sweden

Bohemia

Denmark-Norway

Dutch Republic

France

Scotland

England

Saxony
Protestant Union **

*Formed 10 Jul 1609, although some members joined later, and ceased to exist with the Peace of Prague of 30 May 1635 (Wikipedia: Catholic League (German)). Members were:

Duke of Bavaria
Archbishop-Elector of Mainz
Archbishop-Elector of Cologne
Archbishop-Elector of Trier
Prince-Bishop of Augsburg
Prince-Bishop of Konstanz
Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt
Prince-Bishop of Passau
Prince-Bishop of Speyer
Prince-Bishop of Strassburg
Prince-Bishop of Worms
Prince-Bishop of Würzburg and Bamberg
Prince-Provost of Ellwangen (Abbey of Ellwangen)
Prince-Provost of Kempten (Abbey of Kempten)

** The Protestant Union was formed 14 May 1608 and dissolved 24 May 1621 (Wikipedia: Protestant Union). Members included the Palatinate, Anhalt, Neuburg, Württemberg, Baden, Ansbach, Bayreuth, Hesse-Kassel, Brandenburg, Ulm, Strasbourg and Nürnberg

The Imperial Electors were: